Divers exploring a rare 15th-century shipwreck off Stockholm’s coast are uncovering clues about Sweden’s maritime history. Known as Vrak 5, the vessel is believed to be the oldest warship discovered in Swedish or Danish waters.
Located near Haringe Castle south of Stockholm, the ship was first discovered in the late 19th century. Researchers dated it to the 1480s, possibly as early as the 1460s, in February 2025.
Marine archaeologist Hakan Altrock, project leader from Sweden’s Museum of Wrecks, estimates the ship measured 40 to 45 metres. Its timber originated in what is now southeastern Sweden, although its national origin remains uncertain.
The vessel is also the earliest known example in Scandinavia of a ship built using the carvel technique, in which hull planks are placed edge-to-edge rather than overlapping. This method enabled larger, sturdier ships capable of carrying heavy cannons.
Recent excavations aim to document the wreck’s construction and investigate food on board. Divers used specialised pumps to remove sediment, uncovering bricks believed to belong to the galley, alongside parts of the ship’s rigging.
Marine archaeology doctoral student Matilda Jarl said the crew likely ate fish, meat and porridge, often prepared in pots. Beer was commonly consumed because it kept better than water, while higher-ranking crew members could also drink wine.
The circumstances surrounding the ship’s sinking remain unclear. Historical accounts recorded rumours of a fire aboard the vessel, while Altrock suggested it may have sunk during a Danish attack on Haringe Castle in 1501.
Researchers hope further excavation will reveal evidence of burning and help establish what happened to the historic warship. -AFP
