The Dos and Don’ts of English
英語的對與錯
1. 他甚至還自認為是個了不起的領導人。
ˇ He even went so far as to think himself a great leader.
ˇ He even went so far as to think of himself as a great leader.
Photo: AdobeStock l 圖片:AdobeStock
χ He even went so far as to think himself as a great leader.
註：認為某人或某事為何等樣人或何等樣事，可用 think＋受詞＋受詞補語，或 think of … as …，正句第一句比第二句普遍些。用了 of，後面用 as；沒有 of，就不可以用 as。又如：
I thought him quite a joke.
Photo: AdobeStock l 圖片:AdobeStock
I thought of him as quite a joke.
2. 你不應該打擾他休息。
ˇ You should not intrude upon him during his time off.
χ You should not intrude him during his time off.
註：intrude 作「闖進」、「打擾」、「侵入」解時，是不及物動詞，後面跟 upon。
3. 男孩正在玩陀螺。
ˇ The boy is playing with his top.
χ The boy is playing his top.
註：「打球」、「踢球」、「打牌」、「下棋」，「玩扯鈴」用 play，不用 play with，如 play tennis/football/cards/chess/ Chinese yo-yo。
有時用 play at，如 play at chess。這裡 tennis、cards 等是指運動遊戲而言，至於玩某種東西則應用 play with。例如：
The boy is playing with a stick.
The little girl likes to play with a doll.
這裡 a stick、a doll 表示玩具。
4. 休息片刻後，他們繼續工作。
ˇ After a brief break they went on with their work.
χ After a brief break they went on their work.
註：go on 後面接名詞時，應加 with。例如：
They went on with their work/performance.
go on 是不及物動詞，on 是副詞，不是介詞。例如：
Go on, please.
He went on reading and never gave us so much as a nod.（他繼續看書，連頭都不向我們點一下。）（注意：這裡的 reading 是分詞，不是動名詞。）
5. 在美國黑人以往遭到歧視。
ˇ In America black people were often discriminated against.
χ In America black people were often discriminated.
註：discriminate 作「歧視」、「差別待遇」解時，為不及物動詞，後面應跟介詞 against。作「區別」、「識別」解時，可當及物動詞用，例如：
We must discriminate right from wrong.（我們必須分辨是非。）
Exercises:
A. 她妹妹正在玩洋娃娃。
Her younger sister is playing _________ a doll.
1. at
2. x
3. with
4. for
B. 他不喜歡別人在他私人生活上打擾他。
He dislikes people intruding __________ his private life.
1. upon
2. X
3. with
4. for
Answers: A. 3 B. 1
文章由書林出版公司提供：
www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》，《英語的對與錯》，《世紀病毒：必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》…等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員；研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯，從事植物與人文導覽數十年，亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
